The Invention of the Wheelbarrow

The Invention of the Wheelbarrow Its one of those ideas that seems so self-evident, once you have seen it in action. Rather than carrying heavy loads on your back, or burdening a pack animal with them, you can put them into a tub or basket that has a wheel beneath and long handles for pushing or pulling. Voila!   The wheelbarrow does most of the work for you. But who first came up with this brilliant idea? Where was the wheelbarrow invented? The First Wheelbarrows Were Created in China Not too surprisingly, the first wheelbarrows seem to have been created in China - along with the first gunpowder, paper, seismoscopes, paper currency, magnetic compasses, crossbows, and many other key inventions. The exact date and the actual inventors name both seem to be lost to history, but it seems likely that people in China have been using wheelbarrows for around 2,000 years. Invented in 231 CE According to legend, the prime minister of the Shu Han Dynasty in the Three Kingdoms Period, a man named Zhuge Liang, invented the wheelbarrow in 231 CE as a form of military technology. At the time, Shu Han was embroiled in a war with Cao Wei, another of the three kingdoms for which the era is named.   The Gliding Horse Zhuge Liang needed an efficient way to transport food and munitions to the front lines, so he came up with the idea of making a wooden ox with a single wheel.  Another traditional nickname for this simple handcart is the gliding horse. Using the wooden ox, a single soldier could easily carry enough food to feed four men for the entire month. As a result, the Shu Han tried to keep the technology a secret - they did not want to lose their advantage over the Cao Wei. Archaeological Evidence This legend is very tidy and satisfying, but probably untrue.  Archaeological evidence suggests that Chinese people were using the wheelbarrow more than a century before Zhuge Liangs supposed invention of the device in 231 CE. For example, a wall painting in a tomb near Chengdu, in Sichuan Province, shows a man using a wheelbarrow - and that painting was made in 118 CE. Another tomb, also in Sichuan Province, includes a depiction of a wheelbarrow in its carved wall reliefs; that example dates back to the year 147 CE. Invented in the Second Century in Sichuan Province It seems possible, then, that the wheelbarrow was invented in the second century in Sichuan Province.   As it happens, the Shu Han Dynasty was based in what is now Sichuan and Chongqing Provinces. The Cao Wei kingdom encompassed northern China, Manchuria, and parts of what is now North Korea, and had its capital at Luoyang in present-day Henan Province. Conceivably, the people of Wei were not yet aware of the wheelbarrow and its possible military applications in 231 CE.   Thus, the legend could be half-correct.  Zhuge Liang probably did not actually invent the wheelbarrow.   Some clever farmer likely had the idea first. But the Shu prime minister and general may well have been the first to use the technology in battle - and may have tried to keep it a secret from the Wei, who had not yet discovered the ease and convenience of the wooden ox. Since that time, wheelbarrows have been used for carrying all kinds of burdens, from harvested crops to mine tailings, and pottery to building materials.  Sickly, wounded, or elderly people could be carried to the doctor, before the advent of the ambulance. As the photo above shows, wheelbarrows were still being used to carry casualties of war into the 20th century. Invented Again in Medieval Europe In fact, the wheelbarrow was such a good idea that it was invented again, apparently independently, in medieval Europe. This appears to have happened sometime in the late 12th century. Unlike Chinese wheelbarrows, which usually had the wheel under the middle of the barrow, European wheelbarrows generally had the wheel or wheels at the front.

Martha E. Rogers, the creation of the SUHB

Martha E. Rogers, the creation of the SUHB Free Online Research Papers Martha E. Rogers, the creation of the SUHB Martha E. Rogers creation of the Science of Unitary Human Beings (SUHB) theory allowed nursing to be considered one of the scientific disciplines. Rogers provided a framework for nursing study and research that improved nursing education, practice and research in the United States. She was born in 1914, attended the University of Tennessee until 1933 and then entered the Knoxville General Hospital School of Nursing. In 1936, she finished nursing school and earned a BSN degree from George Peabody College the following year. Rogers decided to work for several years as a public health nurse before pursuing a graduate degree. She actually earned two masters degrees, one in teaching and one in public health. However, Rogers did not stop at a masters level but instead continued her education by obtaining a doctor of science degree. In 1954, she became a professor of nursing at New York University (NYU) where she remained for 21 years (Nursing World). While at NYU, Rogers revised curriculums, theory based learning and established a five year BSN degree program. During her years at NYU, she also developed the conceptual framework for the SUHB, which presented a new way of viewing human interac tion and the nursing process (American Association for the History of nursing). Martha Rogers SUHB theory offers a new look at nursing, providing a framework for practice, education and research that moves away from the traditional medical model approach to the delivery of nursing care (Barrett, 2000). Rogers framework allows for an alternative to traditional nursing, which can be construed as reductionistic, mechanistic and analytic. This framework includes an open system world view, and thus, has challenged many traditional ideas about nursing. Five basic assumptions underlay Rogers conceptual framework: wholeness, openness, unidirectionality, pattern and organization, and sentience and thought (Barrett, 2000). First, the human being is considered a unified whole which is more than the sum of its parts. Second, the person and the environment are continuously exchanging matter and energy with each other. Third, the life process exists along an irreversible space time continuum. Fourth, pattern and organization are used to identify individuals and mirror their wholeness. Fifth, human beings are the only organisms able to think abstractly, have language, sensation and emotion. There are four main topics that are addressed by nursing theorists: people, the environment, health and nursing. Rogers conceptual framework can be analyzed using these four topics. The way that these subjects are viewed affects the nature of nursing that the SUHB theory describes (Barrett, 2000). A Person is defined by Rogers as a being and energy field in constant interaction with the environment. A person is an open system, more than the sum of its parts. The environment is an energy field including everything that is not the person. Next, health is viewed in terms of choosing actions that lead to the fulfillment of a persons potential, and lastly, nursing tries to direct the interaction of the person and the environment in order to maximize health potential. Martha Rogers theory has three principles of homeodynarnic. First, Integrality a human energy and environmental energy are integrated, one affects the other. Second, Helicy is all energy patterns are continuous and unpredictable providing increasing diversity. Lastly, Resonance is a continuous change in energy fields from lower to higher frequency patterning which is best represented by our wake-sleep cycles. Martha Rogers development of the Science of Unitary Human Beings has become an influential nursing theory in the United States. When first introduced it was considered radical, and difficult to understand, but now is simply thought to be ahead of its time. This conceptual framework has greatly influenced all facets of nursing by offering an alternative to traditional approaches of nursing. Research Papers on Martha E. Rogers, the creation of the SUHBResearch Process Part OneGenetic EngineeringThe Project Managment Office SystemInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesOpen Architechture a white paperThree Concepts of PsychodynamicStandardized TestingBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalCapital Punishment

Majoritarian vs. Consensus Democracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Majoritarian vs. Consensus Democracy - Essay Example two, I consider the Majoritarian model to be most applicable and closer in theoretical intent to democracy than the Consensus model but I would be neglecting my prime duties if I do not say that the Consensus model is more applicable in the real world and it the system to which I would give my vote if there was ever an election between the two theories. The first thing to be noted about democracy, as it is presented by Dahl (1956) is that it is â€Å"a state of affairs† (Pg, 50). It is not considered primarily a system of government or even a way of life since democracy has several prerequisites in terms of the level of civilization which a particular group of people must have before they can implement democracy. Perhaps that is why history records an age of kings before the time of the elected philosopher kings was recommended by social scientists. A certain level of sophistication in terms of culture and the way of life is an essential requirement for the establishment of democracy. In fact, this level of social sophistication is so important that it has been suggested that â€Å"The first and crucial variables to which political scientists must direct their attention are social and not constitutional† (Dahl 1956, Pg. 31). The problem comes into play when we notice that the demands of a truly democratic system can only be met by only a few countries. Very few cultures can lay a rightful claim to a Majoritarian model since the prerequisites are so high. On the same page, Dahl makes the observation that: â€Å"To say that perfect attainment of political equality and popular sovereignty is, by definition of terms, consistent only with the majority principle is not to enunciate a wholly useless proposition, but neither is it very helpful.† (Dahl 1956, Pg. 31) The Majoritarian model depends on several things which must be present in a system before such a democracy can be established. The first requirement is a mass participation in politics by people who know how

Case study 2 Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

2 - Case Study Example The vendor will have more expertise since they face issues that are more varied (Desai, 2009). In order to outsource the function, however, XYZ Company needs to identify first the need for outsourcing (McIvor, 2012). The company should do an internal assessment on why they want to outsource and whether it is due to failure of the internal staff. Next, the company should recognize the IT tasks that they should outsource and those that must be retained in-house. The company should seek to outsource services that are already mature and available in the marketplace. Those tasks that should be outsourced should be competitive in the marketplace in order to get the best price (McIvor, 2012). XYZ will contend various costs with when it comes to outsourcing IT functions. The first is the cost of searching for a vendor and contracting (Willcocks et al, 2011). Next, the company will have to deal with the cost of transition, to an IT function vendor, as well as management of the outsourcing effort, which includes monitoring the vendor’s work, bargaining with them, and negotiation of required contract changes. Finally, there are costs with the transition after the company has already outsourced, which may include switching vendors and re-integration of internal IT activities (Willcocks et al,

Cold War in California Essay Example for Free

Cold War in California Essay During the end of the World War II, the strife between the conflict between Capitalism against communism, and allied forces against Soviets were very much intense. From this era, various rumors and small to large scales uprising brought by communistic ideas occurred within the United States. In California and the national perspective, the thought of subversive activity was assumed by the presidency of Harry Truman. According to these assumptions, various communist parties were lurking within the cities of United States and plotting to initiate havoc; hence, in order to stop this condition, the government initiated the group, House Committee on Un-American Activities (HUAC) in 1938. The primary of the HUAC movement was to search the quarters of American society for the possibility of existing fascists, communists or the contradicting idealism from the Soviet enemy. The tensions of HUAC had occurred nation-wide, while in California, the advancement made had grown to the point of implementing human rights violations in order to attain further victims. There were no considerations being implemented during their search. Within the study, the task is to determine the consorts of the movement HUAC and how was it able to contribute to the occurrence of cold war within California dating from 1946 to 1989. Discussion House of Un-American Activities Committee The organization of HUAC was established in May 26, 1938 with aims of investigating any signs of disloyalty among fascists as well as communists. The HUAC movement was chaired by Martin Dies Jr. together with Samuel Dickstein; hence, calling their committee as the Dies Committee. According to Christenson (1991), HUAC tracked Communist party members and other proponents of foreignisms for thirty seven years (206). During the initial phase of its operations, the HUAC movement considered the aspect of un-Americanism as a modest intervention in order to resolve the social dilemma of differences in idealism within the society. The primary and original motive of the movement was to counter the movement from possibly contemplating German American, who might had still be involved in the casualty-causing Nazi, and the Ku Klux Klan. However, the Dies committee mainly considered the Nazi and German Americans since, at that point, the stigma of World War II was still fresh to the society. From 1938 until the end of its operation, it created massive suspicion in the public and the paranoia of dangerous Un-American plot had caused unreasonable arrests. The Ku Klux Klan was accused to have been the main source of American Communism influence, and HUAC also thought of an accusation that this group was planning a Communist conspiracy. However, the HUAC was not able to obtain sufficient information to validate their accusations. Therefore, the chief counsel Ernest Adamson announced the lacking of evidence to support the communism conspiracy claims against the Klan. As supported by Linfield (1990), the representative John Wood, chair from 1945 to 1946 and 1949 to 1953, had considered Ku Klux Klan as an old American Custom (87). From the original target, Ku Klux Klan of Communist Group, HUAC moved to highlight their attention towards the American Communist party, since they were actually assuming that these groups were behind the incidents of Works Progress Administration and Federal Theatre project. By the start of 1940s, Chairman Martin Dies ordered the investigations of HUAC among labor unions and New Deal agencies, which led to different forms of accusations, rumors and response out of guilt, witness abuse and pressure implications, and assumptions of disloyalty among organizations. During its operation in the 1950s, the HUAC movement applied most of its move to the private sector blacklists, and their assumptions of possible communist threat within the entertainment industry, labor unions and different professions had consequently intensified. According to Christenson (1991), the informers introduced by HUAC cam to be known as friendly witnesses and they named names for the HUAC to target (207). The investigations of HUAC were all tarnished with human rights violations. With the drastic accusations they had implicated to public organizations, the strife and paranoia of forces occurred within the society. As the 1960s progressed, even those in political positions, together with political activists and satirists, noticed the negative implications of the committee. In 1969, the HUAC movement was renamed to House Committee on Internal Security; however, in 1970s, the movement began to loose its grounds due to the widely occurring demonstrations and effects of contributions of HUAC, which had been pertained to as the Cold War. The history of social paranoia and unproven accusations had caused negative trademark within the internal systems of the American society. One of the vastly targeted areas was California that gave emphasis on their educational systems. What Triggers to Start Defense Against HUAC? With the aim of the HUAC operations to locate possible to proven communist supporters, the drive of paranoia first suggested the famous people. Hence, the first HUAC intervention circled their first investigations to the Hollywood in 1947. HUAC movement was claiming that a writer and the motion picture industry were attempting to influence the American people through movies. From this point, ten writers and their director were imprisoned and interrogated for the reason that they were unable to answer the question, â€Å"Are there any communist plot being discussed in this area? † This was only one of the instances that occurred during the prevalence of the HUAC committee. In another scenario, after the holding of the first investigation of HUAC towards the celebrity and elite class people, 205 communists were detected within the State Department (Doherty 15). During that point, one of the famous political informal propagandas mentioned was McCarthysm, which depicted the images of celebrity persecution due to fears and anxiety brought by communist threats. According to Foner and Garraty (1991), in the 1950s, HUAC was overshadowed by Senator McCarthy’s activities, but it outlasted him, making new allegations of subversion in universities and among the clergy and then in the civil rights, black power, student, and peace movements (519). Due to these negative impressions and authority abuses made by the HUAC authorities, the society had this desire of removing the turning against to their campaign. As supported by Chalmers (2005), the events issued by the HUAC caused massive revolts and uprising with claims of human rights violations and American liberalization offenses (93). During the expanse of HUAC implementations, various societal conflicts had occurred between civilians, famous people, and even some of those in political line against the conditions of terror brought by the paranoia-based intervention. In California as well as other states in the United States, different writers, actors, and directors were taken into prison for unreasonable assumptions for the need of interrogations. Somehow, HUAC was presuming to find some traces of communist ideations from these well-known people. Some of the most prominent persons that had faced the interrogations and even imprisonment by HUAC were the â€Å"Hollywood Ten†. As for the basis of their imprisonment, HUAC claimed that they failed to answer back instantaneously when they were asked if they are involved with any communist plot. Other artists that faced the paranoia of the society were the singer Pete Seefer, playwright Arthur Miller and many others (Zinn and Arnove 378). Implications HUAC to Cold War in California With this scenario, the Californian congressman, James Roosevelt, had issue his proposal of stopping the movement and its campaign. According to Schoenwald (2001), James Roosevelt proposed a resolution to kill the committee (HUAC) while standing up to withering attacks by his colleagues on both sides of the aisle. Despite the declaration of Speaker Sam Rayburn that the proposal would only be ignored, Roosevelt did not concede to surrender (54). Due to the vast contradiction of Californian state towards the movement of HUAC, the chair Francis Walter (1955–1965) had initiated a plan to prompt an attack against Roosevelt. Walter even proposed that HUAC assume jurisdiction over immigrants and passport legislation processing. Walter defended his proposition with claims of assuming these tourism affairs as another threat to internal security. Roosevelt, as the representative of the Californian state, chose to lead the fight against HUAC while being oppressed by some of his political colleagues. With the claims of Roosevelt, Walter with his HUAC made a counterattack move to somehow sabotage and infiltrate San Francisco, most specifically California. HUAC scheduled hearings in San Francisco in May, 1960. The justifications of HUAC for the said investigation were to validate the statements made by the American National Exhibition. Walter was looking forward for the exposure of communists and subversives’ movement within the area; hence, his contemplation for false threat to internal security had succeeded, and he was able to break in San Francisco. According to Schoenwald (2001), other groups like the American Civil Liverties Union and Americans for Democratic Action and liberal politicians joined in the calls for exterminating the committee of HUAC; however, what might have bee just another series of inquiries to defendants pleading the Fifth Amendment became a cause celebre among conservatives, reinvigorating their moribund struggle against the enemy (53-54). The May 1960 hearing occurred in San Francisco, and the main target of investigation was the teachers in the Universities among the city streets of California. With the intense paranoia brought by the conditions of HUAC, the education systems in California Universities and other public schools had become the most widely recognized victims of this campaign. The movement California Teachers Association suggested a profession-suicidal move by means of handling their files to local school boards, which in turn would investigate the teachers in private. After which, several teachers lost their jobs by handling over these files. With this scenario, Roosevelt called forth the attention of the public against the HUAC: â€Å"†¦more than 100 teachers have been in emotional turmoil for 10 months. Their teaching effectiveness has been impaired, and their sense of insecurity has communicated itself to their colleagues†¦ (Cited in Freeman 39). † Prior to this incident, HUAC even sent out subpoenas on April 26th. One of the Californian sophomore student, who is also a SLATE Organization member, named Douglas Wachter called forth an ad hoc among his fellow students in order to protest against the human rights violations inculcated by the HUAC committee. According to Freeman (2003), within a span of three days, there were approximately a thousand students and 300 faculties who had to sign the petition for hearing (40). The news was imprinted in the Daily Cal wherein excerpts from the recognized HUAC documents, which implicated the protest of HUAC abolishment by the students. The student riots had attracted massive student protests within the consorts of California. During the student demonstration, some of them even sang the song, â€Å"We Shall Not Be Moved†. Eventually, the court laid down its decision and the HUAC investigation was postponed and did not continue. In addition, the estimated legal and other facilitated damages that HUAC issue resulted reached the amount of $250,000. The city mayor, Rossevelt, condemned the scenario and stated that this should never happen again within the consorts of California. On the other hand, the protest made by the Berkeley students entitled, â€Å"Operation Abolition†, had gained significant popularity among Universities across the United States. The events of HUAC infiltration were evidently centered in the University of California at Berkely, but it also involved other city universities, such as the San Francisco State College and from Stanford as well. Most evidently, HUAC had to involve 165 professors from San Francisco State College, and 300 from the Berkeley University (Schoenwald 54). The consorts of paranoia brought by the operations of HUAC generally violated the civilian liberties; hence, the starting conditions of cold war had gone intensified. According to the statements made by Schoenwald (2001), the demonstrations convinced conservative observers that not only were subversives still active in the United States but that contemplating shutting down the one legislative body committed to their annihilation was nothing less than presposterous (55). Hence, the major events that contributed to the Cold Wars in California due to HUAC infiltration were triggered by the massive student protests and profession demonstrations. Conclusion In conclusion of the study, the committee of HUAC, designed to supervise and protect the American society from the possible internal threats of communism and Nazism, had abused its authorities and power, which led to the false accusations, violations of human rights, and the destruction of human career properties. Within the American society, the cold war grew due to the massive false paranoia rendered by the HOAC. From the time city mayor Roosevelt contradicted the existence of HOAC, the intrusive aim of their investigation had centered to California. However, massive demonstrations were further triggered by the events that occurred in San Francisco, California wherein the students had launched their abolition request. The consorts of HUAC ended during the 1970s, and the turmoil caused by their paranoia ended. Works Cited Chalmers, David. Backfire: How the Ku Klux Klan Helped the Civil Rights Movement. Rowman Littlefield, 2005. Christenson, Ron. Political Trials in History: From Antiquity to the Present. Transaction Publishers, 1991. Doherty, Thomas, and Anthony Arnove. Cold War, Cool Medium: Television, McCarthyism, and American Culture. Columbia University Press, 2003. Foner, Eric, and John Garathy. The Readers Companion to American History. Houghton Mifflin Books, 1991. Freeman, Jo. At Berkeley in the Sixties: The Education of an Activist, 1961-1965. Indiana University Press, 2003. Linfield, Michael. Freedom Under Fire: U. S. Civil Liberties in Times of War. South End Press, 1990. Schoenwald, Jonathan. A Time for Choosing: The Rise of Modern American Conservatism. Oxford University Press, 2001. Zinn, Howard, and Anthony Arnove. Voices of a Peoples History of the United States. Seven Stories Press, 2004.

Overpopulation and Environmental Degradation Essay example -- Explorat

Overpopulation and Environmental Degradation At the time of the agricultural revolution, nearly ten thousand years ago, the population of the globe was no more than ten million. Today the world population is estimated at over six billion. In the last hundred years the population has more than tripled. With the population rising at an enormous rate of 1.7 million a week, the world as a whole is being drained of its resources. (Southwick, 1996) Different theories have prevailed on what will occur as the population continues to explode ranging from the Malthusian apocalypse to absolutely no effects at all. Over the last two centuries as agricultural and technological advancements came about, the planet's overall carrying capacity increased dramatically. It is estimated that the world could support over twenty times its current population living at 120 per square meter in 2000-story buildings. (Dolan, 1974) Overpopulation not only adversely affects the "environment," or nature, but also has a large impact on human societies today. Environmental degradation and population growth go hand in hand. As more people enter the world, there is a greater need for space, furthering damage to our surroundings. As populations grew in response to the agricultural revolution of ancient times more land was required for cultivation to feed the rising populations. Forests were cleared, waterways were diverted, and the soil exhausted, all a result of the expanding populace. Even today in parts of the world, especially third world countries, land is being cleared by slash and burn methods for grazing land and urban development. Whole species of organisms in areas like the Amazon rainforest have most likely been lost due to this method of deforestatio... ...devastating effects, notably poverty, disease, and famine, on poorer countries that cannot handle the needed health care for their mounting populations. Rapid growth of the human population is occurring today with three births for each death. (Southwick, 1996) The modern countries of today cannot turn their back on the third world as everything that occurs on this planet is related. These issues are becoming more and more difficult to solve and are escalating each day. More time and effort needs to be done to look at the root of these issues if there is any hope to fix them. References: Dolan, Edwin G., Ch. 5 from "TANSTAAFL: The Economic Strategy for Environmental Crisis" 1974 Southwick, Charles H., Ch. 15 from "Global Ecology in Human Perspective" Oxford Univ. Press, 1996 Tennenbaum, Erica. http://www.tulane.edu/~rouxbee/kids98/egypt3.html October 20, 1998

Baranagy information syste

Municipal Government of Talker is an educational institution that operates on a semesters basis. Every semester, students have to take midterm and final examinations along with quizzes, assignments, term papers and other academic performances. Teachers will compute and submit grade reports of students for release. In this regard, most students are very eager to see their grades for some reasons. However, students are encountering problems regarding the process of the releasing of their grades.The currently available facilities In the university Include the certification of grade report service provided by the NEST-MGM Registrar. Since there is only one employee who does the entire task, students will be given a specific date or time of the release of their grades that is why students will not be able to get their grades immediately. With all these concerns about the existing facilities, the proponents decided to develop an automated grade verification eastern This study will focus on designing and developing an Automated Grade Verification System (AGAVES) which wants to enhance the process and flow of the old system.Background of the Study The development of the system changed the way society accesses and processes information. It is acknowledge that automated system can update and monitor information much easier compared to the manual system. The Registrar as well as the students of NEST-MGM wants to upgrade their manual system Into automated system. The Registrar spends a lot of time In storing, retrieving and updating students' grades. For these reasons, It Is hard for the students to their grades released immediately. As far as lack in automated system is concerned and in order for the NEST-MGM,Talker Campus to be part of today's increasingly fast-paced world, this study entitled automated grade verification system (AGAVES) was conducted. The automated grade verification system will make keeping and updating of information faster and more convenient by stor ing file of the NEST-MGM students in a computer system. The main function of the system is to enhance the process and flow of the old system that will allow students to verify their grades Information. This will also lessen the effort of the Registrar in processing and storing files of each student.The information in a computerized system can be viewed in a faster way without worrying of data loss. Basically, the researchers want to help the school management as well as the students In solving their problems regarding the long process of releasing grades. The researchers attempt to design and develop a grade verification system which wants to enhance the process and flow of the old system. Statement of the Problem The currently available facilities In the university Include the certification of grade report service provided by the university registrar.The Registrar does the manual tiring, retrieving and updating of student's grades of Nava Echo University of 1 OFF employee who does the entire task, students will be given a specific date or time of release of their grades that is why students will not be able to know their grades immediately. The long process of inquiry of grades is inconvenient, tiresome and at some instances time consuming and costly. Specifically, it sought to answer the following questions: 1. What are the requirements of the NEST-MGM Registrar that shall be included in the development of the system? 2.What are the steps to provide students better says of verifying their grades? Objectives of the Study This study will mainly focus on innovative system that will enable students to inquire about their grades through the use of an Automated Grade Verification System. Moreover, the proponents have the following objectives to accomplish: 1 . To eliminate or lessen the time consumed in the manual procedure. 2. To improve grade verification system of NEST-MGM such as certification of grades. 3. To keep all students data, secured and in proper stor age for future references. 4. To evaluate the system based on the following criteria: a. Accuracy b.Reliability . Efficiency d. Security e. Usability f. Maintainability g. Responsiveness Significance of the Study Most of the time, the students need their grades and the Registrar cannot assure them that they can release it in a short period of time so the students have no choice but to wait until it is done. Through the proposed system, it intends to perform the following operations; study and develop the manual operation by the office of the registrar; find out what are the circumstances causing the delay of the releasing of grades; minimize the time consumed in searching for the grades of the students in he filling and retrieval of data.The automated grade verification system shall be done by simply typing the ID number of the student that will automatically generate the grade information needed. It can provide an instant report of the grades of the students. It is only intended fo r the students of Nava Acacia University of Science and Technology- Municipal Government of Talker and the system covers only the information about the student's subject enrolled and their grades. It has a password protection for the security of the system.Security will also be revived using a procedure that will require users to provide access identification before they can work around the premises of the system. Only the administration can add, edit, search, and view existing files. The purpose of the study may bring significance to the following: For the university, the proposed system can earn them good image because it will bring innovative alternative for the students. For the students, the proposed system will provide a convenient, easy-to-use and accessible service that will allow them to verify their grade information.For future researchers, computerized grade inquiry. For the researchers of this study, the researchers being the main participants, will gain knowledge and ex perience to improve their skills in programming, system analysis and design. Scope and Limitation The proposed study deals with the development of automated grade verification system (AGAVES) for the students of NEST-MGM, Talker Campus, Talker, Innovative. The system includes the electronic filing, saving, searching and updating of NEST-MGM students' records. These features are expected to make verifying of grades easier without using touchstones device.

Friedreich’s Ataxia

Friedreich's ataxia Friedreich's ataxia is an inherited disease that causes progressive damage to the nervous system resulting in things like gait disturbance, speech problems, heart disease and diabetes. Friedreich's ataxia is caused by a defect in a gene called Frataxin, which is located on chromosome 9. The changes in this gene cause the body to produce too much trinucleotide repeat (GAA).This mutation causes gene silencing through induction of a heterochromatin structure in a manner similar to position-effect variegation. Normally, the body contains about 8 to 30 copies of GAA, however the people with Friedreich's ataxia may have as many as 1,000 copies. The more copies of GAA a person has, the earlier the disease will start and the faster it will get worse. Symptoms typically begin sometime between the ages of 5 to 15, but in rare cases, Friedreich’s ataxia may occur around the ages of 20 to 30.Some of the symptoms are; abnormal speech, changes in vision (particularly col or vision), decrease in ability to feel vibrations in lower limbs, foot problems, hearing loss, jerky eye movements, loss of coordination and balance, frequent falls, muscle weakness, no reflexes in the legs, and uncoordinated movements. Friedreich's ataxia is an autosomal recessive genetic disorder. This means you must get a copy of the defective gene from both your mother and father. About 1 in every 22,000-29,000 people develop this disease but family history of the condition raises your chances of getting it.On average, after 10-15 years with the disease patients are usually wheelchair bound and require assistance with all activities. Unfortunately, there is no known cure for Friedreich's ataxia. There are, however, medicines, therapy treatments and surgeries available to those who are affected but it will not rid them of the disease. Titanium screws and rods are often inserted in the spine to help prevent or slow the progression of this disease. The goal of surgery is to keep t he patient alive as long as possible. As the ataxia progresses, things such as a cane, walker, or wheelchair are required for mobility.

20 Essay Topics About Othello

20 Essay Topics About Othello Othello is, perhaps, one of the most complex and controversial plays written by the famous poet, writer, actor, and playwright William Shakespeare. Writing an analytical essay on his play can be as difficult as reading the play itself. This is why we have prepared this three-in-one guide for you. By using it you will actually learn the easiest and fastest way to compose your analytical essay on Othello. In this second guide, we have gathered 20 Othello essay topics that are going to help you start writing immediately. We have also included a sample essay which will help you understand how to write an essay, and will be a good starting point for your own topic. Without further ado, here they are: Should Othello be considered a Tragic Hero or a Guilty Murderer? Why is it that Iago’s Accusations Are Not Initially Ð ¡onfirmed by Othello? What Were Othello’s Real Motives? What Was the Real Reason that Led Othello to Kill His Wife? Othello’s Relationship with Desdemona: An Analytical Essay on Love Versus Lust The Motives of Shakespeare in the Play: Racism or Feminism? How Did Iago Defeat Othello Despite Othello’s Deep Love to His Wife? Why Did Shakespeare Add His Own Character Roderigo? What Is the Role of Verbal Communication in the Play Othello by William Shakespeare? What Does Desdemona Represent in the Play, Written by William Shakespeare? A Thorough Analysis on the Female Characters and Their Common Traits in Othello by William Shakespeare In What Way Does Othello’s and Iago’s Jealousy Correlate with Each Other? How is Iago/Emilia’s Marriage Similar to Othello/Desdemona’s Marriage? A Comparison on Emilia’s and Desdemona’s View on Love, Sex, Men, and Marriage Why Othello Was Played by a White Man with a Blackface? Why Othello is Considered as One of Shakespeare’s Most Relevant and Controversial Plays? Othello’s Tragic Flaw which Caused Him to be Defeated by Iago The Four Important Monologues in Othello: What is Their Role and Meaning? A Critical Analysis on Othello’s Character in Act I and in Acts from II to V The Real Motives of Iago in Othello But before you start writing, we also recommend you to have a thorough look at our final guide, how to write a killer analytical essay on Othello, which is a perfect manual that’ll help you compose a stellar and sublime analytical essay which would definitely be admired by your teacher, professor or instructor. Here it is: A Sample Essay on The Four Important Soliloquies in Othello: What are they and What Do They Mean? William Shakespeare, the greatest playwright, writer, actor and poet of all time, has always used soliloquies in his plays. There is only slight difference between soliloquies and monologues, and mostly these terms are interchangeable. In fact, if making the content analysis of Shakespeare’s plays, it is evident that he is fond of using soliloquies. Arguably, this preference came out of the desire and necessity to emphasize the inner thoughts that have   been lurking in his character’s minds, thus, giving the audience an insight into some crucial information. In simple words, you’ll find several soliloquies in Othello, because they helped Shakespeare develop and drive the plot and the character accordingly. For example, when Iago pronounces words such as â€Å"I am not what I am†, it displays the honesty of the character, it helps to underline the complexity of his figure in this play, and to provoke broader understanding of the dramatic dilemma. In Act I, Scene iii and Act II, Scene I, it can easily be seen what Iago’s self-interest is and how the misinterpretation of circumstances has led him to the decision about the necessity of revenge, and finally to almost clinical obsession. These soliloquies reveal Iago’s intentions, and overwhelming desire to take revenge by manipulating Othello and taking advantage of Othello’s open nature. In Act I, Scene iii, 393, the soliloquy â€Å"I know his trumpet† delivered by Iago where â€Å"his† relates to Othello, clarifies that Iago knows the weak points of Othello, and he intends to use his jealousy against Othello himself. He does this by misleading Othello about his Desdemona having an affair with Cassio, a noble lieutenant under Othello’s command and a friend of Desdemona. As the story plays along, the audience realizes that Lago is relishing his satisfaction for revenge, which can be seen in his soliloquy in Act II, Scene iii. In this soliloquy, the audience then gets to know Iago’s developing plan and how easily it has been for him to use Cassio and Roderigo for his wicked avail. In Act III, Scene iii; we can see how Othello has been crippled by Iago’s deceit when he uses the soliloquy, â€Å"for I am black,† which shows his insecurities and doubts. Listening to this dramatic speech,   we can see that Othello struggles over his faith in his wife, Desdemona. In Act V, Scene ii, it can be clearly perceived how Iago’s deception has led Othello to believing that his wife has been having an affair with Cassio behind his back. The idea of being deceived was so striking that Othello decided to kill the love of his life. .Verbally, in the â€Å"betray more men† soliloquy, Othello explains his decision not with the allusions to his love or pain, but with the intention to prevent Desdemona from deceiving other man. Till now there are hot discussions around the honesty of those claims. However, in the last soliloquies, â€Å"so sweet was neer so fatal† and â€Å"oculus proof†, it is confirmed that Othello has been defeated by the over-riding effects and misleading manipulation of Lago. Shakespeare, known for his soliloquies, uses them to ensure that the audience knows what’s going on with the plot and to keep them informed about the character’s intention, which is what has made his plays so interesting to read. Without the use of these soliloquies, it would have been almost impossible to let the audience know what’s happening inside of the tragic heros’ soul, without disrupting the characters or play. †¦ By now, you must have pretty good idea on how you should get started, choosing one of ten facts for analytical paper on Othello, and how an analytical essay on Othello should be composed. But of course, you don’t want to write some mediocre paper, you want to write something that can catch the attention of your professor or teacher, and leave him astonished. If that’s the case, then let’s head on to our third guide on how to write a killer essay on Othello right away. References: Bhattacharyya, J. (2006). William Shakespeare’s Othello. Atlantic Publishers Dist. Shakespeare, W. (2003). The new Cambridge Shakespeare. Othello. N. Sanders (Ed.). Cambridge University Press. Hadfield, A. (Ed.). (2005). William Shakespeares Othello: A Routledge Study Guide and Sourcebook. Routledge. Howard, J. E., OConnor, M. F. (2013). Shakespeare reproduced: the text in history and ideology. Routledge. Potter, Lois (2002). Othello:Shakespeare in performance. Manchester University Press. p. 12. Clemen, W. (2004). Shakespeares soliloquies (Vol. 6). Psychology Press. Bullough, G. (1973). Narrative and Dramatic Sources of Shakespeares: Major tragedies. Hamlet, Othello, King Lear, Macbeth. Volume VII (Vol. 7). Columbia University Press.

Carnegie Mellon University MBA Program Application Essay †Example

Carnegie Mellon University MBA Program Application Essay – Example Free Online Research Papers Carnegie Mellon University MBA Program Application Essay Example A.What are your reasons for undertaking graduate study at the Graduate School of Industrial Administration? Please describe how your experience, your education and your graduate training at this school and your future career plans relate to each other. Describe your short-term and long-term objectives and how you plan to achieve them. In 2007, I might be in the middle of wrestle with my brain in terms of purchasing conditions such as local buyer, price, and market in the Bulk cargo-trading firm. I might have to decide how the change in the market will happen and also how the decision-making procedure should vary. My short-term goal is to conduct the business as a trading manager who can analyze current situation of market, grasp the tendency of future, and make accurate decision as well as to maintain and develop the flow of efficient business with all the partners in East Asia including Korea. My long-term goal is to establish a professional trading company, introducing new selling technique based on a cutting-edge mechanism such as Internet Web Site. After graduation in 19xx, I was granted job offers from big 4 enterprises including xxx. Nevertheless, I entered the xxx, one of the leading companies in Korea in the field of international marketing. I was stationed at the export department in charge of xxx. Despite the mandatory period of time for about 3-4 years to become a person in charge of one item in the trade department, I have visited xxx, xxx in Japan in order to check the data after I had worked for three months. That’s because I was highly recognized for my outstanding ability to conduct the business for standardized price variable and controls over the exchange rate fluctuation in order to reach the rational conclusion in an objective manner when I made a decision on the international oil price fluctuation and announced the research on the case of position deal such as xxx and xxx, which are the materials of xxx. After all, it became to be a source of research in the company. Based on my outstanding job performance, I was officially appointed as a person in charge of exporting the cargo of xxx, xxx w hose annual turnover came up to x million dollars on the average. As a result, we were placed at the top in terms of sales in Korea because the sales in xxx sector revealed the increase of xxx% in 19xx compared to that of last year. Therefore, I became the main source of jealousy from my seniors and fellow workers. In addition, on May in 19xx, we were awarded about x million dollars worth of Tender under my supervision, which xxx Authority under xxx Government started in the process as World bank loan was made, beating xx companies such as xxx, xxx and Japanese companies. Therefore, I was selected as the employer of the year in the trade department by achieving net profit of about xxx$ by delivering pre-positioned cargo from domestic industries. Since the January of 19xx, I have been in charge of collecting and analyzing the data on the Asian insurance market for the most part of x years, moving into the department of international marketing, which was newly built in xx Co. During that time, I was able to enhance the capability related to the decision- making procedure through data analysis and the establishment of follow-up measures. Meanwhile, I helped the executives, who were stuck on the concept of traditional decision-making procedures, face the changes in business environment more positively by serving up continuous analysis on the business policy of advanced companies such as xx bank, xx Co., which were world leading companies. Due to high recognition of my vigorous efforts, I was able to develop the negotiation skill and the global way of thinking by participating in the ‘xxx Seminar’ held in xxx in April 19xx. In addition, I learned the role of a team member and a coordinator in the sense that we can create synergy effect that might go far beyond the ability of each member based on the teamwork. I strongly believe these experiences will be great basis for me to participate in the international trading company in the short term as well as manage one of the international trading firms in the long term. The primary reason why I apply for GSIA is the courses related to the establishment of the co mpany that will serve as the most important basis for the build-up and management of specialized trading firm with a specific focus on the Asian market, which is my long-term aspiration. The courses that GSIA provides in the worldwide context are as follows: the way of setting up the business plan, the way of collecting fund from investors, the detailed knowledge on the production of the commodity, the marketing skills, and so forth. Secondly, I think highly of the quantitative approach on which GSIA focuses. This methodology is considered a great strength compared to other schools in the sense that it can systemize a series of process in an objective manner to recognize and solve the problem. In particular, your school is one of the most prestigious universities in the field of computer science and information system. Now that I figure your school is the first school that introduced the information system into the Business Administration, I believe it will be great help to apply the information system to the E-commerce in the field of international trade in which I am greatly interested. Given the opportunity, I would like to explore the field of E-commerce in detail as one of independent studies at your graduate school. B.Because GSIA students work closely together, we would like to understand what there is about your background and your experiences that would make a contribution to the diversity of the entering class and the educational experience of the other students. My father used to address, â€Å" Gain as many experience as possible. The knowledge based on experiences is highly useful to work out the problem.† According to my father’s lesson, I have tried to gain a wide variety of experiences since I was young. Even in the work, I have striven to obtain as many experience as possible in my field through a number of overseas business trips and workshops. I would like to hand over my peculiar experiences to my colleagues as follows. First of all, it is the xxx marketing that I went through in the xxx (xxx) trading. It is not commonplace but essential in international marketing to figure out the demand of buyer, predict the supplier’s market of supplier and price fluctuation, utilize xxx at reasonable price, and minimize the financial cost. I would like to have my colleagues realize the idea and the means of comprehending the market in macroeconomic perspective, which I have learned from the past x years of working experiences. Secondly, it is oriental way of self-discipline that I want to hand over to my colleagues. I have trained my body and mind mainly through paduk and meditation for the past 20 years. In particular, paduk is the primary recipe that I am eager to deliver to fellow students in GSIA. The heart of paduk is to figure out the intention of counterpart, which is one of leading qualities that competent managers should have. As a matter of fact, I was able to take a favorable position over several negotiations through ‘mind reading’ that I had learned from paduk. According to the Chinese literature, famous generals in China such as Jo Jo in ‘the story of the three powers’ trained themselves to grasp hidden intention of adversaries in advance through paduk, which led to numerous triumphs in many battles. I would like to hand over meditation to the fellow students in GISA in the sense that it makes people generous and serves as a efficient means of keeping one’s temper. I believe those who can keep control over their emotion will be part of competent managers. My favorite oriental meditation enables me to get indulged in the world of self-effacement and control every single emotion, resentment included. This kind of meditation encourages people to be more generous, not to involve trivial things. In effect, I escaped the danger from burglar with the help of lofty manners der ived from the meditation during the business trip to the xxx in November 19xx. Kidnapped by armed cab robber for 2 hours, I was able to get out of the incident thanks to my wisdom. I firmly believe that this sort of loftiness is based on the self-discipline of both body and mind through oriental meditation, which will serve as great help for my colleagues, the potential managers. C. Please describe an ethical issue that you have faced, how you dealt with the situation and what the outcome was On December 1th in 19xx, I had serious conflicts with a general manager in our department as hard as I should consider the resignation as a last option when our xxx heading for the xxx with x million dollar’s worth of xxx was caught on the rock. Through this experience, I realized the important fact that the role of leader is basically the coordination of the group rather than the implementation for the purpose of obedience. In this case, I also experienced the fact that leadership is derived from the fairest judgment by collecting and analyzing information after the accurate evaluation of the situation. At that time, I had conflicts with my general manager in terms of the benefit in the future and the cost at the present. This experience put me into an ethical dilemma between the ethical responsibility of the company and the pursuit of interest. During that time, the team head and I had conflicts in various aspects such as potential gain, present loss, the commitment to the integrity in terms of contracts The net profit in a xxx trading was about xxx$ worth, whereas it required xxx$ worth of expense to pay for the repair in place of missing ship owner after declaring general average. In the situation in which there was more possibility for ship owner to declare bankruptcy, I powerfully insisted on managing all business in the burden of our company because I judged that there was grand anxiety to lose long-term customers and moral commitment to conduct the contract with due integrity if we spent more time. General manager, however, avoided making a decision which could serve as major damage in his career. Therefore he was wasting lots of time by ignoring my opinion although I was in charge of the matter. As a consequence, we were able to deliver the xxx to the buycer in xxx after refilling the xxx under the instruction of the boss who recognized the seriousness of situation through the interview with me around 5 months later. Since then, however, Buyer in xxx got our firm to disqualify in the same bid in 19xx, which produced serious conflicts as to who was to blame inside the firm. It is self-evident fact that the enterprise is in pursuit of its interest. Therefore, the team head has good reason to emphasize the aspect of Profit Cost in decision-making process. Yet, it is much more important to enhance the credibility in the long term and secure the long-term contractors by accomplishing the commitment rather than pursue the short-term profit. No matter what is big or small problem, we are always in the situation where to find out the solution, and meet a great turning point in life by what decision we make. I found the important lesson from this case in the sense that the decision was not performed by the same fixed standard in every situation. In addition, it required accurate judgment of situation, the rational assessment of one’s own capability, and the bold determination for the purpose of more desirable decision-making procedure. Research Papers on Carnegie Mellon University MBA Program Application Essay Analysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaDefinition of Export QuotasTwilight of the UAWThe Project Managment Office SystemIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalOpen Architechture a white paperPETSTEL analysis of IndiaMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductResearch Process Part OneBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self

Empirical paper assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Empirical paper assignment - Essay Example The accuracy of estimation is subject to various factors some of which are beyond control of economists. However in most cases there are counterweights that help balance an error in estimation. This means that in a normal estimation there are over and underestimations that cancel out partially or completely. The fact that stands out in the economists’ estimation is that these overestimations occur year after year and indications point at misinformed estimates. Overestimation of interest rates on government bonds has some serious results. Higher borrowing costs imply that the government sets aside more funds to cover this cost. The end effect is that the government will reduce budgets for other functions and allocate more funds for paying up its public debt. According to the article, economists have a duty come up with ways to increase economic growth. The reasons for this overestimation could be an increase in the amount of funds available for borrowing and to avert any stagnation of bond rates. According to Jared, increased funds available for loaning have the effect of pushing down the costs of borrowing. This can only mean that the estimation techniques used by the economist could be overlooking the increase. Secondly, cost of borrowing is reduced by economic forecasts that indicate growths and inflation. In instances where inflation or reduced economic growth is predicted, costs of borrowing fall. In order to prevent this fall, economists overestimate bond rates so that this acts as a stimulant that will prevent significant drop in borrowing rates. Another aspect of effects of bond rates overestimation is that they give a wrong impression of economic performance. The cost of borrowing influences calculations on Gross Domestic Product since in effect it influences the rate of economic growth. Later in this assignment we shall have a graphical representation of the public debt expressed as a

Human trafficking Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Human trafficking - Research Paper Example U.S federal law has classified the concept of human trafficking into three sections:- Woman trafficking Labor trafficking Children trafficking (web, n.d., Human Trafficking) Why Woman Trafficking Is Especially Alarming? It is actually a surprising fact that most of the trafficking victims are women. Reports have shown that more than 70 percent women were forced to work as sex slaves or became a part of sex racket. Some of them also work as captive laborers or housekeepers with minimum wage or no wage. What is the major reason of the increasing number of women victims in human trafficking? Is it the soft nature of women which is creating problems for her? Yes, Gender discrimination is one of the main factors which put women in such kind of risks. Still, now in the world where we have Hilary Clinton as Secretary of the United States, many countries still consider women as second class citizens. It’s the male dominated world where women have told to not ask questions when their m an is speaking. With the modern technology, many things have changed but everything has not changed which is an unfortunate fact. Surprisingly, gender discrimination cases still happen in United States. Traffickers always look for a person who will not question and work quietly. Cate Johnson stated that â€Å"When one sells a woman, they can sell her over and over and over again. It is an incredibly lucrative business† (TED Case Studies web, n.d.). Lena, a young girl who was a native of Moldova became a victim of woman trafficking. She was in a relationship with her boyfriend when her boyfriend promised her to give her a good job. But she ended up being a prostitute in Dubai. (Fareell C, Pg 43. 2011). When trafficking of women is becoming a serious issue, it’s very important to make new international and national laws which would put a stop on this dirty business. Laws which have been made should be enacted strictly so that traffickers can’t go unabated or unpun ished. Along with these factors, political cooperation should also be made stronger (TED Case Studies web, n.d.). Children as Sex Toys Gone are the days when children were safe in the hands of neighbor. Nowadays with the Child trafficking cases increasing rapidly, its important train the small children on human trafficking so that they don’t become victims of the traffickers. In Kansas, four local men were found paying money to have sex with children. Among them one man was a naval recruiter which proves that all class of people is involved in this business. ILO, UNICEF and Global initiative to Fight Human Trafficking have come up with a training program on â€Å"Training manual to fight trafficking in children for labor, sexual and other forms of exploitation† on 15th September 2009 (web, n.d., Child Protection From Violence, Exploitation And Abuse). This program mainly intends to which focuses on children of and trained them on the aspects of human trafficking so tha t they can save them from the traffickers. It includes slide show presentations, textbooks on human trafficking and an assignment which gives the options to the trainers to choose from the programs. Trafficking in children is now becoming a global issue which has an impact on the children’s mind. It is not a surprise that more than 1 million children are being trafficked every year. Children are being trafficked for many reasons which includes sexual exploitation, labor